Federal Budget 2025

Read our expert commentary on this year's Federal Budget.

Tax cuts for all, reform for none.

In his fourth budget, Treasurer Jim Chalmers has continued his promise of cost-of-living relief in what many would say is the unofficial launch of the Government’s election campaign.

As a pre-election budget, it ticks all the boxes and sets the scene for the campaign ahead: income tax cuts, energy bill rebates, HECS/HELP relief, and alcohol excise reductions. There are also measures to secure regional communities, boost Medicare, strengthen Defence, and reduce inflation. Almost every Australian is promised at least some monetary benefit from Federal Budget 2025.

At the end of the day, there are tax cuts all around, with no money left in the tin for the Opposition to fund promises it may wish to make.

Measures pitched to boost the ATO’s revenue collection will likely be more effective at increasing the compliance burden on small businesses, large corporates, and tax practitioners. Against the backdrop of a continually evolving regulatory landscape, this adds another hurdle to navigate.

At its core, this year’s budget is a re-election pitch, and the changes Australia’s tax system needs remain off the table. The reluctance of almost any Australian politician or party to discuss tax reform means the budget deficit increases during the forward estimates period. This will leave the Opposition to fund any election promises from either further borrowing or cuts to existing and announced spending.

Without a commitment to even think about tax system reform, the question remains: how long can Australia afford to continue down this path? 

Explore our insights on specific topics below or download our full analysis as a PDF report (1.84mb).

点击查看我们的2025年联邦预算简报,探索专家的见解: 下载分析

Holistic tax reform is vitally important to ensure that the tax system in Australia is fit for purpose in collecting sufficient tax revenue to fund essential government activities, while maintaining Australia’s attractiveness as a destination for business and investment, and in maximising productivity.

The economic backdrop for Federal Budget 2025

With inflation rates globally trending toward their targets, advanced economies (as defined by the World Bank) across the world have begun to see the easing of monetary policy by central banks. Since Australia’s inflation has fallen to the target range of 2-3%, the key focus of Federal Budget 2025 is the nature and timing of the announced government spending, as the RBA considers its approach to interest rates. The lack of stability in commodity prices and uncertain global trading conditions will put understandable pressure on the Government's spending decisions.

Read our assessment of the economic outlook.

Topics

Download our full analysis as a PDF report (1.84mb)

Key updates from BDO's expert analysis

Our panel of experts prepared what you need to know in our Federal Budget analysis webinar. These key updates address individuals, businesses and the Australian economy.

Watch the webinar recording.

Bulk billing and healthcare

Tax cuts

There are tax cuts all around, allowing Australians to keep $17 billion more of their income over the next five years. This includes a reduction in the tax rates for low-income earners and an increase in the Medicare levy threshold.

Tax cuts

Bulk billing and healthcare

The government is funding an increase in the proportion of GP visits that will be bulk billed up to 90%. Additionally, there is funding for 50 additional urgent care clinics to improve productivity in the health sector.

Housing and construction

Housing and construction

The budget includes policies to incentivise modern construction methods, reduce red tape, and improve licencing and skills in the construction industry. There is also a two-year pause on foreign persons purchasing established dwellings to reduce demand and take pressure off house prices.

Productivity measures

Productivity measures

Various measures to improve productivity are included in the budget, such as banning non-compete clauses for workers earning less than $175,000 per year, funding for the domestic low carbon liquid fuel industry and policies to improve productivity in the health and construction sectors.

R&D tax incentives

R&D tax incentives

There were no changes to the R&D tax incentive regime, but the government proposed excluding activities within the gaming and tobacco sectors from future R&D claims, aligning with broader health objectives.

Deficit and debt

Deficit and debt

Ten years of deficits have been forecasted, with government debt expected to peak at 37% of GDP by 2029. While this is not high by OECD standards, it is historically high for Australia, and there were hopes for a quicker return to surplus.

Economic outlook

Economic outlook

The budget projects steady economic growth, with GDP expected to recover to 2.5% per annum by 2026-27. Inflation is anticipated to stay within the Reserve Bank of Australia's target band, and unemployment is expected to stabilise at 4.25%, supporting around 50,000 more jobs without causing inflation issues

Watch the webinar

Watch BDO's Federal Budget expert analysis webinar

Short on time? Skip ahead.